Manufacture of glassware



(No Model.) 4

.W. M. WALLACE.

. MANUFACTURE OF GLASSWARE. No. 275,298. Patented Apr.3,1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM M. WALLACE, OF BBIDGEPORT, OHIO.

MANUFACTURE OF GLASSWARE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275,298,. dated April3, 1883. Application filed December 27, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WlLLIAM M. WALLAoE, aresident of Bridgeport, in the county of Belmont and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in the Mannfacture ofGlassware; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,clear,and exact description of theinvention, which will enable others skilledin the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to the manufacture of hollow articles ofglassware-such as fruit-jar lids, Sac-having projecting inclines orscrewthreads on the interior of the article, by means of which it isremovably connected with the body of the vessel, the object of theinvention being to provide a simple and effective mechanical combinationfor producing such articles, and also forming hollow articles havingspiral projections, grooves, 850., of any desired form, for ornamentalpurposes, on their interior.

My invention is an improvement upon the class of screw-press machines,such as that shown in Patents No. 128,280 and 266,565 of United StatesPatents; and it consistsin details in the form of the frame and thearrangement of springs, follower, and plunger, all as hereinafter fullyset forth, the object of the iuvenclines around the neck; Fig. 4, ajelly-tumbler,

showing spiral grooves on the interior for ornamental purposes.

' Like letters of reference refer to like parts.

The letter A represents the bed-plate of the press.

13 is an upright standard, provided with cross-pieces a a. to supportthe operating mechanism.

O is the plunger, consisting of a vertical screw-threaded rod or stemworking in screwthreaded bores through the cross-supports of the frame.The upper end of this rod is provided with a wheel, M, and handle N forthe application of hand-power. To the lower end is attached the plungerproper, It, having suitable grooves, b b I), in its surface to formraised inclines on theinterior of the article to be pressed.

Dis the ring-plate of the mold, having a central bore for the passage ofthe plunger. Itis removably attached to a bottom plate, E, to

stops 6 e, situated at such a point on the rods as will permit thering-plate engaging the top of the mold before the stops strike thecrosssupports a a of the frame.

His a mold for forming fruit-jar covers.

K is a glass cover, showing raised inclines g g on the interior,corresponding with the grooves on the plunger.

In Fig. 3, J is a fruit-jar having raised inclines h it around its neckcorresponding with those on the plunger. it is a rubber gasket.

Fig. 4 represents a glass goblet. M represents spiral grooves around theinside to increase the brilliancy of the glass, which can be readilyformed with my device by simply putting screw-threads on the plunger. Aseries of small beads can also be formed in a similar manner to add tothe appearance of the vessel.

The mode of operation is as follows: The glass-mold is placed under theplunger and a sufficient quantity of molten glass placed therein to formthe article. The operator then runs down the plunger into the mold,carrying with it, by means of the cross-head, the frame supporting thering-plate, which centers on the mold before the plunger reaches it.When the ring-plate strikes the mold the frame-rods pass up through thecross-head as the plunger continues its way down into the mold. As theplunger leaves the mold the ring-plate does ICC not follow with it, butby aid of the springs under the cross-head the ring-plate continues tobe pressed down against the mold until the plunger is removed from it,which is done by simply turning back or unscrewing the plunger by meansof the wheel at the upper end. The ring-plate, being operated by thesame power as the plunger, and remaining upon the top of the mold untilthe plunger is entirely withdrawn, is a very important feature of myinvention, for the hotglassis thus held in place and prevented fromgetting twisted or distorted by adhering to the plunger as it revolvesor twists out of the mold. This is a great advantage in articles whereinterior screwthreads are formed. The necessity of operating thering-plate by separate mechanism, or removing the same by hand as eacharticle is pressed, is done away with.

Thejar-cover illustrated in the drawings is one intended to be usedwitha jar having corresponding raised inclines around its neck. The inclineson the cover passing under those on the neck of the jar operate to holdthe lid securely in place. it will be understood that these inclines arenot segments of a continuous screw-thread or spiral, but are segments ofa series of screw-threads starting from a level plane, and consequentlydo not require the cover to be so deep as where the continuous screw orsegments of the same are used. By this arrangement of the inclines Imanage to make a great saving in the manufacture of this class of goods.

I am aware that a sheet-metal cap having raised inclines on the insideresembling those shown in my invention has been used in connection witha glass jar having grooves or inclines in recesses of the sameinclination to receive the raised inclines of the cap; but this form isimpracticable where the cap and jar are both made of glass, for thereason that the unequal contraction of the glass in thejar and coverduring the process of manufacture gives an uneven bearing-surface forthe inclines and results in breaking them off when force is applied toscrew on the lid. The raised inclines would also bind in the grooves andfrom the resistance give trouble in putting on and taking off the lid.

In myinvcntion the locking-inclines are both raised from the surface ofthe glass, and the only bearingis a continuous one on the side of eachincline,which, being slightl rounded, accommodates itself to any slightvariations of the two inclines caused by irregular shrinkage in cooling.

By disposing of the inclines on a level plane around the inside of thelid I am enabled to make the inclines large and full, and produce asuitable cap at about one-half the depth required for those where acontinuous screwthread or segments of the same are employed; and I amalso enabled to reduce the cost of manufacture in proportion to thesaving effected.

I am also aware that it has been suggested to make a glass jar and glasscap with raised inclines on the neck of the jar and inside of the caparranged as segments of a continuous screw-thread; but this I disclaimfor the reasons heretofore set forth relating to continuousscrew-threads.

The construction of the base and the curved standard is a convenient onefor the kind of work which is done upon this class of machines, bringingall the parts convenient to the hand of the operator. The twocross-pieces a a give firm bearings for the threaded shank of theplunger and hold it accurately in a perpendicular position. Thisaccuracy is also assisted by the rods F F, which pass through the endsof the cross-pieces a a. The springs are located in the upper part ofthe apparatus, where they are not liable to be afi'ected by the heat.The stops 0 e are nuts held upon threaded portions of the rods, so thatthey may be adjusted up and down in order to raise orlower the follower,the cross-head being raised or lowered to correspond to the position ofthe stops 0 6, thus allowing the follower to be set up or down indifferent relations to the lower end of the plunger to adapt theapparatus to articles of different depth or thickness withoutinterfering with the tension of the springs.

Having described myinvention ,whatIelaim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States,-is-

l. The described press for forming threaded articles of glass,consisting of a suitable base and standard provided with cross-pieces,with a threaded hole to receive the plunger, of a threaded plunger, 0,rods F I carrying the follower D E, and connected to the plunger by across-head, springs c 0 upon the rods between the cross-head and stops,the said plunger carrying a properly-threaded tool upon its end, theparts being combined and operating as set forth.

2. The base A, curved standard B, upper and lower cross-pieces, a a,formingbearings for the plunger-shank O, the rods F F, and springsplaced upon the rods, the parts specified being combined with each otherand arranged in the machine as set forth. 7

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I hereby affix mysignature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM. M. WALLACE.

4 Witnesses:

J. V. L. RODGERS, 131B. HOWARD.

